2 0 2006 hyv lih 0 journal Original Hyvarinen, A.-P.[Antti-Pekka] Lihavainen, H.[Heikki] Gaman, A.[Anca] Vairila, L.[Laura] Ojala, H.[Heikki] Kulmala, M.[Markku] Viisanen, Y.[Yrjo] J. Chem. Eng. Data 2006 2006-01-19 Surface Tensions and Densities of Oxalic, Malonic, Succinic, Maleic, Malic, and cis-Pinonic Acids The surface tensions and densities of aqueous solutions of oxalic, malonic, succinic, maleic, malic, and cis-pinonic acids were measured as a function of the acid mole fraction at 25 C. These organic acids are typically found in atmospheric aerosols. The surface tensions were measured using the Wilhelmy plate method and were measured also as a function of temperature. The measurable mole fractions were limited by the solubilities of the acids at room temperature. All the acids lower the surface tension of pure water. cis-Pinonic acid lowers the surface tension most effectively. The measured surface tensions were fitted with equations covering the acid mole fraction range from zero to one and assuming a theoretical surface tension of pure, supercooled acids at room temperature. The measured densities were also fitted in a similar way. These equations can be used in model calculations of formation and growth of atmospheric particles. surface tension density organic acids 51 255-260 1 ethanedioic acid C2H2O4 1 Commercial source 1 99.5 3 Not known 2 Dried by oven heating 2 malonic acid C3H4O4 1 Commercial source 1 99 2 Not known 2 Dried by oven heating 3 butanedioic acid C4H6O4 1 Commercial source 1 Dried by oven heating 4 maleic acid C4H4O4 1 Commercial source 1 99 2 Not known 2 Dried by oven heating 5 malic acid C4H6O5 1 Commercial source 1 99 2 Not known 2 Dried by oven heating 6 cis-pinonic acid C10H16O3 1 Commercial source 1 98 2 Not known 2 Dried by oven heating 7 water H2O 1 Synthesized by others 1 100 3 Not known 2 100 3 Not known 1 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/19/2005 1 Mass density, kg/m3 Other PVT measurement Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author 95 Liquid Temperature, K 298 3 Author .1 95 Pressure, kPa 100 3 1 Mole fraction 1 Liquid 1 Author 95 1 .002 1 1 .996 3 1 .005 1 .003 1 1 1.001 4 1 .005 1 .005 1 1 1.008 4 1 .005 1 .007 1 1 1.012 4 1 .005 1 .008 1 1 1.016 4 1 .005 1 .01 2 1 1.019 4 1 .005 1 .012 2 1 1.026 4 1 .005 1 .013 2 1 1.03 4 1 .005 1 .015 2 1 1.034 4 1 .005 1 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/19/2005 1 Surface tension liquid-gas, N/m Ring tensiometer Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author Propagation of evaluated standard uncertainties 95 Liquid Air at 1 atmosphere Pressure, kPa 100 3 1 Mole fraction 1 Liquid 1 Author 95 1 .0017 2 1 .0716 3 1 .0007 1 .0034 2 1 .0714 3 1 .0007 1 .005 2 1 .0712 3 1 .0007 1 .0067 2 1 .071 3 1 .0007 1 .0083 2 1 .0707 3 1 .0007 1 .0098 2 1 .0707 3 1 .0007 1 .0115 3 1 .0705 3 1 .0007 1 .0121 3 1 .0707 3 1 .0007 1 .0131 3 1 .0703 3 1 .0007 1 .0146 3 1 .0701 3 1 .0007 1 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/20/2005 1 Surface tension liquid-gas, N/m Ring tensiometer Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author Propagation of evaluated standard uncertainties 95 Liquid Air at 1 atmosphere Mole fraction 1 Liquid .00716 3 Author .00000716 95 1 Temperature, K 1 Author 95 1 280.2 4 1 .0737 3 1 .0007 1 280.5 4 1 .0737 3 1 .0007 1 281.1 4 1 .0738 3 1 .0007 1 281.2 4 1 .0737 3 1 .0007 1 283.9 4 1 .0733 3 1 .0007 1 284.5 4 1 .0732 3 1 .0007 1 285.1 4 1 .0732 3 1 .0007 1 285.7 4 1 .073 3 1 .0007 1 288.2 4 1 .0727 3 1 .0007 1 288.7 4 1 .0724 3 1 .0007 1 289.7 4 1 .0726 3 1 .0007 1 290.1 4 1 .0724 3 1 .0007 1 292.2 4 1 .072 3 1 .0007 1 293 4 1 .0719 3 1 .0007 1 293.7 4 1 .0719 3 1 .0007 1 294.3 4 1 .0717 3 1 .0007 1 296.2 4 1 .0713 3 1 .0007 1 297.5 4 1 .0712 3 1 .0007 1 298 4 1 .0712 3 1 .0007 1 298.5 4 1 .0711 3 1 .0007 1 301.2 4 1 .0704 3 1 .0007 1 302.1 4 1 .0706 3 1 .0007 1 302.8 4 1 .0703 3 1 .0007 1 304.7 4 1 .07 3 1 .0007 2 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/19/2005 1 Mass density, kg/m3 Other PVT measurement Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author 95 Liquid Temperature, K 298 3 Author .1 95 Pressure, kPa 100 3 1 Mole fraction 2 Liquid 1 Author 95 1 .009 1 1 1.016 4 1 .005 1 .03 2 1 1.054 4 1 .005 1 .041 2 1 1.068 4 1 .005 1 .055 2 1 1.09 4 1 .005 1 .069 2 1 1.108 4 1 .006 1 .085 2 1 1.129 4 1 .006 1 .102 3 1 1.152 4 1 .006 1 .147 3 1 1.196 4 1 .006 2 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/20/2005 1 Surface tension liquid-gas, N/m Ring tensiometer Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author Propagation of evaluated standard uncertainties 95 Liquid Air at 1 atmosphere Temperature, K 298 3 Author .1 95 1 Mole fraction 2 Liquid 1 Author 95 1 .01 2 1 .0692 3 1 .0007 1 .017 2 1 .0685 3 1 .0007 1 .025 2 1 .0667 3 1 .0007 1 .033 2 1 .0667 3 1 .0007 1 .04 2 1 .0656 3 1 .0007 1 .05 2 1 .0656 3 1 .0007 1 .055 2 1 .0655 3 1 .0007 1 .065 2 1 .065 3 1 .0007 1 .07 2 1 .0642 3 1 .0006 1 .08 2 1 .0635 3 1 .0006 1 .088 2 1 .0642 3 1 .0006 1 .094 2 1 .0635 3 1 .0006 1 .107 3 1 .0627 3 1 .0006 1 .122 3 1 .0623 3 1 .0006 1 .137 3 1 .0622 3 1 .0006 1 .149 3 1 .0626 3 1 .0006 1 .158 3 1 .0622 3 1 .0006 2 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/20/2005 1 Surface tension liquid-gas, N/m Ring tensiometer Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author Propagation of evaluated standard uncertainties 95 Liquid Air at 1 atmosphere Mole fraction 2 Liquid .06 1 Author .00006 95 1 Temperature, K 1 Author 95 1 278.1 4 1 .0665 3 1 279.3 4 1 .066 3 1 279.7 4 1 .0659 3 1 282.6 4 1 .066 3 1 285 4 1 .0657 3 1 286.5 4 1 .0656 3 1 287.8 4 1 .0654 3 1 288.7 4 1 .0652 3 1 289.6 4 1 .0653 3 1 290.9 4 1 .0646 3 1 291.1 4 1 .065 3 1 293 4 1 .0646 3 1 295.3 4 1 .0647 3 1 296.7 4 1 .0641 3 1 297.1 4 1 .0641 3 1 298.2 4 1 .0638 3 1 299 4 1 .0636 3 1 299.1 4 1 .0639 3 1 301.2 4 1 .064 3 1 303.3 4 1 .063 3 3 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/19/2005 1 Mass density, kg/m3 Other PVT measurement Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author 95 Liquid Temperature, K 298 3 Author .1 95 Pressure, kPa 100 3 1 Mole fraction 3 Liquid 1 Author 95 1 .0011 2 1 .991 3 1 .005 1 .0012 2 1 .997 3 1 .005 1 .0022 2 1 .993 3 1 .005 1 .0022 2 1 1.003 4 1 .005 1 .0028 2 1 .996 3 1 .005 1 .0033 2 1 .997 3 1 .005 1 .0037 2 1 1.001 4 1 .005 1 .0045 2 1 .998 3 1 .005 1 .0047 2 1 1.002 4 1 .005 1 .0056 2 1 1.001 4 1 .005 1 .0067 2 1 1.002 4 1 .005 1 .0068 2 1 1.008 4 1 .005 1 .0078 2 1 1.005 4 1 .005 1 .0089 2 1 1.007 4 1 .005 1 .01 3 1 1.009 4 1 .005 1 .011 3 1 1.01 4 1 .005 3 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/20/2005 1 Surface tension liquid-gas, N/m Ring tensiometer Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author Propagation of evaluated standard uncertainties 95 Liquid Air at 1 atmosphere Temperature, K 298 3 Author .1 95 1 Mole fraction 3 Liquid 1 Author 95 1 .0011 2 1 .0709 3 1 .0007 1 .0022 2 1 .07 3 1 .0007 1 .0028 2 1 .0698 3 1 .0007 1 .0033 2 1 .0694 3 1 .0007 1 .0045 2 1 .0689 3 1 .0007 1 .0056 2 1 .0685 3 1 .0007 1 .0067 2 1 .0681 3 1 .0007 1 .0071 2 1 .0677 3 1 .0007 1 .0078 2 1 .0676 3 1 .0007 1 .0089 2 1 .0673 3 1 .0007 1 .01 3 1 .0666 3 1 .0007 1 .0107 3 1 .0669 3 1 .0007 1 .0111 3 1 .0664 3 1 .0007 1 .0117 3 1 .0667 3 1 .0007 3 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/20/2005 1 Surface tension liquid-gas, N/m Ring tensiometer Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author Propagation of evaluated standard uncertainties 95 Liquid Air at 1 atmosphere Mole fraction 3 Liquid .00716 3 Author .00000716 95 1 Temperature, K 1 Author 95 1 279.9 4 1 .07 3 1 280.1 4 1 .0692 3 1 280.2 4 1 .0703 3 1 280.6 4 1 .07 3 1 284 4 1 .069 3 1 284.3 4 1 .0697 3 1 284.7 4 1 .0693 3 1 284.8 4 1 .0695 3 1 285 4 1 .0696 3 1 288.4 4 1 .0686 3 1 288.9 4 1 .069 3 1 288.9 4 1 .069 3 1 288.9 4 1 .0688 3 1 288.9 4 1 .0687 3 1 292.6 4 1 .0678 3 1 293.1 4 1 .0685 3 1 293.3 4 1 .0682 3 1 293.4 4 1 .0682 3 1 293.6 4 1 .0684 3 1 296.8 4 1 .0672 3 1 297.4 4 1 .0677 3 1 297.6 4 1 .068 3 1 297.8 4 1 .0678 3 1 297.8 4 1 .0678 3 1 297.9 4 1 .0678 3 1 301.7 4 1 .0675 3 1 301.8 4 1 .0671 3 1 302.3 4 1 .0673 3 1 302.9 4 1 .0671 3 4 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/19/2005 1 Mass density, kg/m3 Other PVT measurement Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author 95 Liquid Temperature, K 298 3 Author .1 95 Pressure, kPa 100 3 1 Mole fraction 4 Liquid 1 Author 95 1 .008 1 1 1.016 4 1 .005 1 .017 2 1 1.031 4 1 .005 1 .027 2 1 1.048 4 1 .005 1 .037 2 1 1.063 4 1 .005 1 .049 2 1 1.084 4 1 .005 1 .062 2 1 1.103 4 1 .006 1 .077 2 1 1.121 4 1 .006 1 .094 2 1 1.135 4 1 .006 4 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/20/2005 1 Surface tension liquid-gas, N/m Ring tensiometer Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author Propagation of evaluated standard uncertainties 95 Liquid Air at 1 atmosphere Temperature, K 298 3 Author .1 95 1 Mole fraction 4 Liquid 1 Author 95 1 .008 2 1 .068 3 1 .0007 1 .0116 3 1 .0676 3 1 .0007 1 .017 3 1 .0659 3 1 .0007 1 .0267 3 1 .0641 3 1 .0006 1 .0374 3 1 .0614 3 1 .0006 1 .0376 3 1 .0614 3 1 .0006 1 .0489 3 1 .0622 3 1 .0006 1 .0579 3 1 .0612 3 1 .0006 1 .06 3 1 .0623 3 1 .0006 1 .0627 3 1 .0604 3 1 .0006 1 .0764 3 1 .0588 3 1 .0006 1 .085 3 1 .0603 3 1 .0006 1 .0932 3 1 .0597 3 1 .0006 1 .1083 4 1 .0595 3 1 .0006 4 1 7 1 Principal objective of the work XML XML 9/20/2005 1 Surface tension liquid-gas, N/m Ring tensiometer Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author Propagation of evaluated standard uncertainties 95 Liquid Air at 1 atmosphere 1 Temperature, K 1 Author 95 2 Mole fraction 4 Liquid 1 278.7 4 2 .06 1 1 .0643 3 1 .0006 1 280.4 4 2 .06 1 1 .0644 3 1 .0006 1 280.5 4 2 .06 1 1 .0644 3 1 .0006 1 283.5 4 2 .06 1 1 .0637 3 1 .0006 1 284.2 4 2 .06 1 1 .064 3 1 .0006 1 284.7 4 2 .06 1 1 .0639 3 1 .0006 1 284.9 4 2 .06 1 1 .0635 3 1 .0006 1 288.4 4 2 .06 1 1 .0634 3 1 .0006 1 288.6 4 2 .06 1 1 .0636 3 1 .0006 1 288.8 4 2 .06 1 1 .0631 3 1 .0006 1 289.1 4 2 .06 1 1 .0632 3 1 .0006 1 292.8 4 2 .06 1 1 .0628 3 1 .0006 1 292.9 4 2 .06 1 1 .0626 3 1 .0006 1 293.4 4 2 .06 1 1 .0629 3 1 .0006 1 296.2 4 2 .06 1 1 .0621 3 1 .0006 1 297.1 4 2 .06 1 1 .0624 3 1 .0006 1 297.7 4 2 .06 1 1 .0623 3 1 .0006 1 300.9 4 2 .06 1 1 .0614 3 1 .0006 1 301.2 4 2 .06 1 1 .0615 3 1 .0006 1 301.6 4 2 .06 1 1 .0618 3 1 .0006 1 302 4 2 .06 1 1 .0618 3 1 .0006 1 278.3 4 2 .012 2 1 .0699 3 1 .0007 1 279.2 4 2 .012 2 1 .0698 3 1 .0007 1 283.5 4 2 .012 2 1 .0692 3 1 .0007 1