2 0 2009 kou bou 0 journal Original Kouissi, T. Bouanz, M. Ouerfelli, N. J. Chem. Eng. Data 2009 2009-02-25 KCl-Induced Phase Separation of 1,4-Dioxane + Water Mixtures Studied by Electrical Conductivity and Refractive Index Salt-induced phase separation of 1,4-dioxane (D) + water (W) with KCl has been investigated by measuring the electrical conductivity ( E) and the refractive index (n) along the coexisting curve in the vicinity and far from the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) using a conductometer and a refractometer. By visual method, the lower critical temperature (Tc) was determined to be (311.032 ( 0.015) K with the mole fraction of dioxane on a salt-free basis: x D ) nD/(nD + nW) ) 0.295 ( 0.002. The conductivity and refractive index were carried out in the range of 0.010 K less than (T - Tc) less than 17.500 K. Critical values were fitted and compared with those predicted by models proposed in the literature. The electrical conductivity and refractive index coexistence curve data were analyzed to determine the critical exponent ( ) associated with the coexistence curve. The results show that those ( E and n) constitute good order parameters as valid as the volume fraction. In the neighborhood of the LCST (T/Tc - 1 less than 3 E 10-2), the critical exponent obtained by the two techniques agrees with the scaling law prediction. The KCl salt at the saturation facilitates the formation of the molecular correlations, and the phase separation takes place in the electrolyte. 10.1021/je8005002 54 566-573 1 1,4-dioxane C4H8O2 1 Commercial source 1 99.99 4 Stated by supplier 2 water H2O 1 Commercial source 1 Fractional distillation 1 99.9 3 Estimated by the compiler 3 potassium chloride ClK 1 Commercial source 1 99.5 3 Stated by supplier 1 1 3 1 2 1 Principal objective of the work JFK TRC 2/23/2009 1 Electrical conductivity, S/m commercial (phywe type) conductometer Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author Liquid Crystal 3 Pressure, kPa 101 3 Mole fraction 1 Liquid .295 3 1 Temperature, K 1 304.481 6 1 1.011 4 1 .01011 1 305.064 6 1 1.027 4 1 .01027 1 305.652 6 1 1.044 4 1 .01044 1 306.078 6 1 1.058 4 1 .01058 1 306.706 6 1 1.077 4 1 .01077 1 307.144 6 1 1.092 4 1 .01092 1 307.579 6 1 1.107 4 1 .01107 1 308.04 6 1 1.121 4 1 .01121 1 308.777 6 1 1.146 4 1 .01146 1 309.305 6 1 1.165 4 1 .01165 1 309.925 6 1 1.187 4 1 .01187 1 310.38 6 1 1.204 4 1 .01204 1 310.72 6 1 1.218 4 1 .01218 1 310.932 6 1 1.227 4 1 .01227 1 1 3 1 2 1 Principal objective of the work JFK TRC 2/23/2009 1 Electrical conductivity, S/m commercial (phywe type) conductometer Liquid mixture 1 Direct value, X 1 Author Liquid mixture 1 Liquid mixture 2 Crystal 1 Pressure, kPa 101 3 1 Temperature, K 1 311.061 6 1 1.147 4 1 .01147 1 311.108 6 1 1.217 4 1 .01217 1 311.178 6 1 1.288 4 1 .01288 1 311.22 6 1 1.32 4 1 .0132 1 311.29 6 1 1.368 4 1 .01368 1 311.368 6 1 1.415 4 1 .01415 1 311.522 6 1 1.496 4 1 .01496 1 311.741 6 1 1.593 4 1 .01593 1 312.03 6 1 1.704 4 1 .01704 1 312.319 6 1 1.81 4 1 .0181 1 312.548 6 1 1.886 4 1 .01886 1 312.763 6 1 1.956 4 1 .01956 1 312.973 6 1 2.023 4 1 .02023 1 313.235 6 1 2.104 4 1 .02104 1 313.407 6 1 2.15 4 1 .0215 1 313.607 6 1 2.206 4 1 .02206 1 313.685 6 1 2.231 4 1 .02231 1 313.799 6 1 2.254 4 1 .02254 1 313.915 6 1 2.29 4 1 .0229 1 314.106 6 1 2.339 4 1 .02339 1 314.235 6 1 2.377 4 1 .02377 1 314.513 6 1 2.447 4 1 .02447 1 314.702 6 1 2.497 4 1 .02497 1 314.971 6 1 2.568 4 1 .02568 1 315.143 6 1 2.606 4 1 .02606 1 315.302 6 1 2.648 4 1 .02648 1 315.587 6 1 2.719 4 1 .02719 1 315.762 6 1 2.759 4 1 .02759 1 315.917 6 1 2.794 4 1 .02794 1 316.174 6 1 2.853 4 1 .02853 1 316.402 6 1 2.912 4 1 .02912 1 316.616 6 1 2.959 4 1 .02959 1 316.829 6 1 3.01 4 1 .0301 1 316.95 6 1 3.037 4 1 .03037 1 317.08 6 1 3.069 4 1 .03069 1 317.22 6 1 3.093 4 1 .03093 1 317.464 6 1 3.155 4 1 .03155 1 317.896 6 1 3.251 4 1 .03251 1 318.318 6 1 3.341 4 1 .03341 1 318.742 6 1 3.431 4 1 .03431 1 319.254 6 1 3.541 4 1 .03541 1 319.55 6 1 3.621 4 1 .03621 1 319.843 6 1 3.708 4 1 .03708 1 320.215 6 1 3.768 4 1 .03768 1 320.383 6 1 3.819 4 1 .03819 1 320.79 6 1 3.915 4 1 .03915 1 321.274 6 1 4.039 4 1 .04039 1 321.83 6 1 4.181 4 1 .04181 1 322.182 6 1 4.246 4 1 .04246 1 322.457 6 1 4.327 4 1 .04327 1 322.848 6 1 4.384 4 1 .04384 1 323.38 6 1 4.544 4 1 .04544 1 323.77 6 1 4.65 4 1 .0465 1 324.149 6 1 4.71 4 1 .0471 1 324.439 6 1 4.789 4 1 .04789 1 324.856 6 1 4.884 4 1 .04884 1 325.326 6 1 5.023 4 1 .05023 1 326.031 6 1 5.131 4 1 .05131 1 326.864 6 1 5.337 4 1 .05337 1 327.592 6 1 5.511 4 1 .05511 1 327.918 6 1 5.576 4 1 .05576 1 1 3 1 2 1 Principal objective of the work JFK TRC 2/23/2009 1 Electrical conductivity, S/m commercial (phywe type) conductometer Liquid mixture 2 Direct value, X 1 Author Liquid mixture 2 Liquid mixture 1 Crystal 1 Pressure, kPa 101 3 1 Temperature, K 1 311.061 6 1 .8784 4 1 .008784 1 311.108 6 1 .837 4 1 .00837 1 311.178 6 1 .8044 4 1 .008044 1 311.22 6 1 .785 4 1 .00785 1 311.29 6 1 .7572 4 1 .007572 1 311.368 6 1 .7327 4 1 .007327 1 311.522 6 1 .6942 4 1 .006942 1 311.741 6 1 .656 4 1 .00656 1 312.03 6 1 .6195 4 1 .006195 1 312.319 6 1 .5865 4 1 .005865 1 312.548 6 1 .5674 4 1 .005674 1 312.763 6 1 .55 4 1 .0055 1 312.973 6 1 .5325 4 1 .005325 1 313.235 6 1 .5134 4 1 .005134 1 313.407 6 1 .5074 4 1 .005074 1 313.607 6 1 .498 4 1 .00498 1 313.685 6 1 .491 4 1 .00491 1 313.799 6 1 .494 4 1 .00494 1 313.915 6 1 .484 4 1 .00484 1 314.106 6 1 .479 4 1 .00479 1 314.235 6 1 .469 4 1 .00469 1 314.513 6 1 .462 4 1 .00462 1 314.702 6 1 .4531 4 1 .004531 1 314.971 6 1 .4411 4 1 .004411 1 315.143 6 1 .4406 4 1 .004406 1 315.302 6 1 .434 4 1 .00434 1 315.587 6 1 .4234 4 1 .004234 1 315.762 6 1 .4206 4 1 .004206 1 315.917 6 1 .4197 4 1 .004197 1 316.174 6 1 .4154 4 1 .004154 1 316.402 6 1 .4032 4 1 .004032 1 316.616 6 1 .4005 4 1 .004005 1 316.829 6 1 .3941 4 1 .003941 1 316.95 6 1 .3923 4 1 .003923 1 317.08 6 1 .3867 4 1 .003867 1 317.22 6 1 .3919 4 1 .003919 1 317.464 6 1 .3798 4 1 .003798 1 317.896 6 1 .3716 4 1 .003716 1 318.318 6 1 .3676 4 1 .003676 1 318.742 6 1 .3625 4 1 .003625 1 319.254 6 1 .3538 4 1 .003538 1 319.55 6 1 .3314 4 1 .003314 1 319.843 6 1 .3441 4 1 .003441 1 320.215 6 1 .34 4 1 .0034 1 320.383 6 1 .3383 4 1 .003383 1 320.79 6 1 .3327 4 1 .003327 1 321.274 6 1 .3275 4 1 .003275 1 321.83 6 1 .3217 4 1 .003217 1 322.182 6 1 .3172 4 1 .003172 1 322.457 6 1 .3169 4 1 .003169 1 322.848 6 1 .3113 4 1 .003113 1 323.38 6 1 .3067 4 1 .003067 1 323.77 6 1 .303 3 1 .00303 1 324.149 6 1 .2999 4 1 .002999 1 324.439 6 1 .296 4 1 .00296 1 324.856 6 1 .293 4 1 .00293 1 325.326 6 1 .2897 4 1 .002897 1 326.031 6 1 .283 4 1 .00283 1 326.864 6 1 .2713 4 1 .002713 1 327.592 6 1 .2637 4 1 .002637 1 327.918 6 1 .2618 4 1 .002618 1 1 3 1 2 1 Principal objective of the work JFK TRC 2/23/2009 1 Refractive index (Na D-line) Standard Abbe refractometry Liquid Direct value, X 1 Author Liquid Crystal 3 Mole fraction 1 Liquid .295 3 Pressure, kPa 101 3 1 Temperature, K 1 Author 1 303.315 6 1 1.3957 5 1 .0001 1 304.483 6 1 1.3955 5 1 .0001 1 305.658 6 1 1.3952 5 1 .0001 1 306.078 6 1 1.3951 5 1 .0001 1 306.706 6 1 1.395 5 1 .0001 1 307.144 6 1 1.395 5 1 .0001 1 307.267 6 1 1.3949 5 1 .0001 1 307.579 6 1 1.3949 5 1 .0001 1 307.79 6 1 1.3948 5 1 .0001 1 308.039 6 1 1.3948 5 1 .0001 1 308.198 6 1 1.3948 5 1 .0001 1 308.289 6 1 1.3947 5 1 .0001 1 308.708 6 1 1.3947 5 1 .0001 1 309.305 6 1 1.3946 5 1 .0001 1 309.395 6 1 1.3945 5 1 .0001 1 309.781 6 1 1.3945 5 1 .0001 1 309.929 6 1 1.3944 5 1 .0001 1 310.193 6 1 1.3944 5 1 .0001 1 310.412 6 1 1.3943 5 1 .0001 1 310.649 6 1 1.3943 5 1 .0001 1 310.72 6 1 1.3943 5 1 .0001 1 310.829 6 1 1.3943 5 1 .0001 1 1 3 1 2 1 Principal objective of the work JFK TRC 2/23/2009 1 Refractive index (Na D-line) Standard Abbe refractometry Liquid mixture 1 Direct value, X 1 Author Liquid mixture 1 Liquid mixture 2 Crystal 3 Pressure, kPa 101 3 1 Temperature, K 1 Author 1 311.054 6 1 1.3961 5 1 .0001 1 311.11 6 1 1.3964 5 1 .0001 1 311.165 6 1 1.3966 5 1 .0001 1 311.235 6 1 1.3968 5 1 .0001 1 311.319 6 1 1.397 5 1 .0001 1 311.409 6 1 1.3972 5 1 .0001 1 311.547 6 1 1.3974 5 1 .0001 1 311.671 6 1 1.3975 5 1 .0001 1 311.842 6 1 1.3977 5 1 .0001 1 312.023 6 1 1.3978 5 1 .0001 1 312.208 6 1 1.3978 5 1 .0001 1 312.392 6 1 1.3978 5 1 .0001 1 312.598 6 1 1.3979 5 1 .0001 1 312.848 6 1 1.3979 5 1 .0001 1 312.99 6 1 1.3979 5 1 .0001 1 313.091 6 1 1.3979 5 1 .0001 1 313.165 6 1 1.3979 5 1 .0001 1 313.24 6 1 1.3979 5 1 .0001 1 313.421 6 1 1.3979 5 1 .0001 1 313.52 6 1 1.3979 5 1 .0001 1 313.601 6 1 1.3979 5 1 .0001 1 313.733 6 1 1.3978 5 1 .0001 1 313.862 6 1 1.3978 5 1 .0001 1 313.973 6 1 1.3978 5 1 .0001 1 314.138 6 1 1.3978 5 1 .0001 1 314.201 6 1 1.3978 5 1 .0001 1 314.26 6 1 1.3978 5 1 .0001 1 314.37 6 1 1.3978 5 1 .0001 1 314.511 6 1 1.3977 5 1 .0001 1 314.614 6 1 1.3977 5 1 .0001 1 314.728 6 1 1.3977 5 1 .0001 1 314.76 6 1 1.3977 5 1 .0001 1 314.874 6 1 1.3977 5 1 .0001 1 315.028 6 1 1.3976 5 1 .0001 1 315.134 6 1 1.3976 5 1 .0001 1 315.284 6 1 1.3976 5 1 .0001 1 315.334 6 1 1.3975 5 1 .0001 1 315.474 6 1 1.3975 5 1 .0001 1 315.587 6 1 1.3975 5 1 .0001 1 315.695 6 1 1.3975 5 1 .0001 1 315.819 6 1 1.3974 5 1 .0001 1 315.948 6 1 1.3974 5 1 .0001 1 316.085 6 1 1.3973 5 1 .0001 1 316.267 6 1 1.3973 5 1 .0001 1 316.348 6 1 1.3973 5 1 .0001 1 316.463 6 1 1.3972 5 1 .0001 1 316.71 6 1 1.3971 5 1 .0001 1 316.984 6 1 1.3971 5 1 .0001 1 317.23 6 1 1.397 5 1 .0001 1 317.407 6 1 1.3969 5 1 .0001 1 317.65 6 1 1.3969 5 1 .0001 1 317.843 6 1 1.3968 5 1 .0001 1 318.021 6 1 1.3968 5 1 .0001 1 318.153 6 1 1.3967 5 1 .0001 1 318.268 6 1 1.3967 5 1 .0001 1 318.5 6 1 1.3966 5 1 .0001 1 318.579 6 1 1.3966 5 1 .0001 1 318.799 6 1 1.3965 5 1 .0001 1 319.028 6 1 1.3964 5 1 .0001 1 319.285 6 1 1.3963 5 1 .0001 1 319.463 6 1 1.3962 5 1 .0001 1 319.63 6 1 1.3962 5 1 .0001 1 319.893 6 1 1.3961 5 1 .0001 1 320.095 6 1 1.396 5 1 .0001 1 320.229 6 1 1.396 5 1 .0001 1 320.526 6 1 1.3958 5 1 .0001 1 320.739 6 1 1.3958 5 1 .0001 1 320.915 6 1 1.3957 5 1 .0001 1 321.041 6 1 1.3957 5 1 .0001 1 321.281 6 1 1.3956 5 1 .0001 1 321.63 6 1 1.3955 5 1 .0001 1 321.838 6 1 1.3954 5 1 .0001 1 321.936 6 1 1.3953 5 1 .0001 1 322.243 6 1 1.3952 5 1 .0001 1 322.56 6 1 1.3951 5 1 .0001 1 322.935 6 1 1.3949 5 1 .0001 1 323.38 6 1 1.3947 5 1 .0001 1 323.664 6 1 1.3946 5 1 .0001 1 323.815 6 1 1.3945 5 1 .0001 1 324.13 6 1 1.3943 5 1 .0001 1 324.392 6 1 1.3942 5 1 .0001 1 324.641 6 1 1.3941 5 1 .0001 1 324.768 6 1 1.394 5 1 .0001 1 325.006 6 1 1.3939 5 1 .0001 1 325.249 6 1 1.3938 5 1 .0001 1 325.476 6 1 1.3937 5 1 .0001 1 1 3 1 2 1 Principal objective of the work JFK TRC 2/23/2009 1 Refractive index (Na D-line) Standard Abbe refractometry Liquid mixture 2 Direct value, X 1 Author Liquid mixture 2 Liquid mixture 1 Crystal 3 Pressure, kPa 101 3 1 Temperature, K 1 Author 1 311.054 6 1 1.3935 5 1 .0001 1 311.11 6 1 1.3932 5 1 .0001 1 311.165 6 1 1.3929 5 1 .0001 1 311.235 6 1 1.3926 5 1 .0001 1 311.319 6 1 1.3923 5 1 .0001 1 311.409 6 1 1.392 5 1 .0001 1 311.547 6 1 1.3917 5 1 .0001 1 311.671 6 1 1.3914 5 1 .0001 1 311.842 6 1 1.3911 5 1 .0001 1 312.023 6 1 1.3908 5 1 .0001 1 312.208 6 1 1.3905 5 1 .0001 1 312.392 6 1 1.3903 5 1 .0001 1 312.598 6 1 1.3901 5 1 .0001 1 312.848 6 1 1.3898 5 1 .0001 1 312.99 6 1 1.3896 5 1 .0001 1 313.091 6 1 1.3896 5 1 .0001 1 313.165 6 1 1.3895 5 1 .0001 1 313.24 6 1 1.3894 5 1 .0001 1 313.421 6 1 1.3893 5 1 .0001 1 313.52 6 1 1.3892 5 1 .0001 1 313.601 6 1 1.3891 5 1 .0001 1 313.733 6 1 1.389 5 1 .0001 1 313.862 6 1 1.3889 5 1 .0001 1 313.973 6 1 1.3888 5 1 .0001 1 314.138 6 1 1.3887 5 1 .0001 1 314.201 6 1 1.3887 5 1 .0001 1 314.26 6 1 1.3886 5 1 .0001 1 314.37 6 1 1.3886 5 1 .0001 1 314.511 6 1 1.3885 5 1 .0001 1 314.614 6 1 1.3884 5 1 .0001 1 314.728 6 1 1.3883 5 1 .0001 1 314.76 6 1 1.3883 5 1 .0001 1 314.874 6 1 1.3882 5 1 .0001 1 315.028 6 1 1.3881 5 1 .0001 1 315.134 6 1 1.388 5 1 .0001 1 315.284 6 1 1.3879 5 1 .0001 1 315.334 6 1 1.3879 5 1 .0001 1 315.474 6 1 1.3878 5 1 .0001 1 315.587 6 1 1.3878 5 1 .0001 1 315.695 6 1 1.3877 5 1 .0001 1 315.819 6 1 1.3876 5 1 .0001 1 315.948 6 1 1.3875 5 1 .0001 1 316.085 6 1 1.3875 5 1 .0001 1 316.267 6 1 1.3873 5 1 .0001 1 316.348 6 1 1.3873 5 1 .0001 1 316.463 6 1 1.3873 5 1 .0001 1 316.71 6 1 1.3871 5 1 .0001 1 316.984 6 1 1.387 5 1 .0001 1 317.23 6 1 1.3869 5 1 .0001 1 317.407 6 1 1.3868 5 1 .0001 1 317.65 6 1 1.3866 5 1 .0001 1 317.843 6 1 1.3865 5 1 .0001 1 318.021 6 1 1.3864 5 1 .0001 1 318.153 6 1 1.3864 5 1 .0001 1 318.268 6 1 1.3863 5 1 .0001 1 318.5 6 1 1.3862 5 1 .0001 1 318.579 6 1 1.3862 5 1 .0001 1 318.799 6 1 1.386 5 1 .0001 1 319.028 6 1 1.3859 5 1 .0001 1 319.285 6 1 1.3858 5 1 .0001 1 319.463 6 1 1.3858 5 1 .0001 1 319.63 6 1 1.3857 5 1 .0001 1 319.893 6 1 1.3855 5 1 .0001 1 320.095 6 1 1.3855 5 1 .0001 1 320.229 6 1 1.3854 5 1 .0001 1 320.526 6 1 1.3853 5 1 .0001 1 320.739 6 1 1.3852 5 1 .0001 1 320.915 6 1 1.3851 5 1 .0001 1 321.041 6 1 1.385 5 1 .0001 1 321.281 6 1 1.3849 5 1 .0001 1 321.63 6 1 1.3848 5 1 .0001 1 321.838 6 1 1.3847 5 1 .0001 1 321.936 6 1 1.3846 5 1 .0001 1 322.243 6 1 1.3845 5 1 .0001 1 322.56 6 1 1.3844 5 1 .0001 1 322.935 6 1 1.3842 5 1 .0001 1 323.38 6 1 1.384 5 1 .0001 1 323.664 6 1 1.3839 5 1 .0001 1 323.815 6 1 1.3838 5 1 .0001 1 324.13 6 1 1.3837 5 1 .0001 1 324.392 6 1 1.3836 5 1 .0001 1 324.641 6 1 1.3835 5 1 .0001 1 324.768 6 1 1.3835 5 1 .0001 1 325.006 6 1 1.3834 5 1 .0001 1 325.249 6 1 1.3833 5 1 .0001 1 325.476 6 1 1.3832 5 1 .0001